Furnace.



P. F. DYBRO.

' FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.11, 1911.

Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ATTORNEY.

P. F. DYBRO.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED FEBJI, 1911.

46,745. Patented Dec. 10, 1912,

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N a ifi p I Q HM" w 00 0 0 o A u N x\ .N m 1 k Q Q k k g k 2 E a r PEDERF. DYBRO, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

Application filed February 11, 1911. Serial No. 607,911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PnDER F. DYBRO, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State ofColorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to furnaces for boilers, stoves, brick kilns andother similar contrivances which are heated by the use of carbonaceousfuel, and its object resides in the provision of a furnace in which theproducts of imperfect combustion which ordinarily escape through thestack in the form of smoke, are completely consumed.

In carrying out my invention, I divide the furnace into two sectionsseparated by a dividing wall and each comprising a fire chamber and asmoke chamber operatively associated therewith, and I connect the smokechamber of each section with the fire chamber of the other section, bymeans of suitable conduits.

Dampers are provided to control the flow of gases from the smokechambers to the stack and to the respective conduits, and a simplemechanism is applied at the front of the furnace, whereby the openingmovement of one or the other of the fire doors which afford access tothe grates of the two fire chambers, will cause the ash or draft-door ofthe same chamber to open, while that of the other chamber which was openfor the admission of oxygen to the fire, is simultaneously closed.

The dampers in the smoke chambers are automatically reversed by the samemovement of the fire door, so that after fuel has been fed through theopen door of one chamber, and the latter has been closed, the productsof imperfect combustion arising through the said fuel, are compelled topass through the incandescent mass upon the grate of the other chamberbefore reaching the smoke stack. Thus by supplying the two fire chambersalternately with fuel, all smoke and gases are consumed, the maximumamount of heat is derived from the fuel and nothing but a colorlessvapor will escape through the stack.

No mechanical draft-inducing appliances are employed in accomplishingthe above stated results, the course of the air-current due to thenatural draft being automatically reversed from one chamber to theother, each time one of the fire doors is opened to replenish the fireupon the grate to which it affords access.

In the accompanying drawings, in the various views of which like partsare similarly designated, my invention is shown as applied to a tubularsteam boiler, Figure 1 representing a vertical section through the same,Fig. 2, a horizontal section taken along the line 22 Fig. 1, Fig. 3, afront-view of the boiler and Fig. 4:, a transverse section taken alongthe line 44; Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 2 designates the cylindricalboiler, the tubes 3 of which communicate at their opposite ends,

with the fire box 4 and the smoke box 5 which, as usual, is connected atits upper end with the stack or chimney, by means of afiue 6. Acentrally disposed, upright partition 7 which extends from the frontplate 8 of the furnace to the rear wall 9 of the same divides the firebox 4 into two compartments, to provide the fire chambers 10 and 20which are separately provided with fire bridges 11 and 21, for thesupport of the grate-bars 12 and 22/ Fire doors 13 and 23 afford accessto the grates of the respective compartments and ash or draft doors l4and 2t,yto the ash pits of the same. A partition 30' extending in aplane with the dividing wall 7 between the front plate of the furnaceand the adjacent end of the boiler 2, divides the smoke box 5 into twocompartments which constitute the smoke chambers 15 and 25 which attheir lower ends, connect with fines 16 and 26 which, extendingalongside and below the furnace walls, terminate re spectively withinthe ash pits of the fire box compartments-20 and 10 atthe opposite sidesof the dividing wall. Rotary dampers 17 and 27 are provided to controlthe flow of gases from the chambers 15 and 25 into the respectiveconduits 16 and 26 and similar dampers 18 and 28 are disposed to openand close the openings between the chimney flue 6 and the twocompartments of the smoke box 5.

In the operation of my invention, the two dampers in each of thechambers 15 and 25 are respectively open and closed and the positions ofthose in one chamber are reversed with respect to the correspondingdampers in the other chamber. The dampers remain in this position untilone of the fire doors is opened, when they are antomatically reversedthrough the instrumentality of a mechanism the construction of whichwill now be described. Rigidly conand the opening movement of one of'theash doors is converted into a closing movement of the other, by means ofa chain 31,

the ends of which are fastened to the respective doors and which in theoperation runs over a sheave 32 which is mounted to rotate about avertical axis, upon the front plate of the furnace, in between thedoors. Rotatably mounted in bearings 42 and 52 at opposite sides of thetwo pairs of doors, are vertical shafts 43 and 53 which carry, at theirlower ends, crank-arms 44 and 54 which by means of pitmen 45 and 55, areconnected with the respective draft-doors,

'whereby a movement of one of the latter .on its hinges, Wlll cause apartlal rotation of the respective shaft. Beveled gear wheels 46 and 56fixed upon the upper ends of the shafts 43 and 53, mesh with similargears 47 and 57 at the end of short, horizontal shafts 48 and 58 whichare rotatably mounted in bearings 49 and 59, axially in a plane with theaxes of rotation of the dampers 17 and 27. The shafts 48 and 58 carry attheir opposite ends, miter gears 60 and 70 which are in operativeengagement with corresponding gears 61 and 71 mounted upon the portionsof the gudgeons of the dampers 17 and 27 which protrude through theapertures in the front plate 8, in which they are rotatably supported.It will thus be observed that the opening movement of either one of theash doors through an arc of determined length, will be converted int-o amovement of the lower one of the pair of dampers at the same side of thefurnace, through an arc of about forty-five degrees, and this movementof the said lower dampers is transmitted to the respective upper dampersby means of chains 62 and 72 which are carried over correspondingsprocket wheels 63 and 73 and 64 and 74 mounted upon the gudgeons of therespective dampers. The draft doors 14 and24,

are, as usual, provided with registers 19 and 29 which provide means foradmitting oxygen to the fires in the two compartments 10 and 20 whentheir ash doors are in the closed position.

and the four dampers in the smoke-box compartments 15 and 25 occupy thepositions illustrated in Fig. 4, in which the smoke box compartment atthe side of the furnace at which the air is admitted to the fire is incommunication with the ash-pit at the opposite side of the furnace, andthe smoke box compartment at the last mentioned side in communicationwith the stack or chimney. The smoke and gases arising from the fueldisposed upon the grate 22 of thefire-box compartment 20, passing overthe respective bridge wall 21, are drawn through the tubes 3 at the sameside of the dividing walls 7 and 30, into the corresponding smoke boxcompartment 25 whence they are drawn past the open. damper 27, throughthe flue 26, into the ash-pit of the fire box compartment 10 at theopposite side of the dividing wall and thence through the incandescentmass upon the grate 12, by which they are consumed, the vapor arisingfrom the said fire being drawn through the tubes 3 into thecorresponding smoke box compartment 15 from where they escape past theopen damper 18 into the flue 6 which connects with the stack or chimney.WVhen the fires of the furnace again require replenishment, by reason ofthe fuel in the compartment 20 having been consumed, the fire door 13 ofthe compartment 10 at the opposite side of the furnace is opened andfuel deposited upon the grate 12. The opening movement of the door 13,results in a similar movement of the corresponding draft door 14 and aclosing movement of the other draft door 24 while the positions of thevarious dampers are simultaneously reversed through the instrumentalityof the transmission mechanisms hereinbefore described. After the'firedoor 13 is again closed, the corresponding ash door remains open toadmit air to the newly replenished fire and the course of the current ofgases arising from the said fires to the stack is reversed with respectto that above described. It will thus be observed that by feeding fuelalternately in the two fire-box compartments 10 and 20, all smoke andother products of imthat any excess of air drawn into the fur nace isemployed in the consumption of the smoke and gases by the fire in thecompartment opposite to that into which the air is admitted. Should thedrawn into the furnace through the open ash-door be insufficient to thelast mentioned quantity of air purpose, an auxiliary quantity of air maybe supplied by opening the register in the other ash-door.

I wish it understood that while I have shown and described themechanical appliances required in the operation of my improved furnace,in the best and simplest form at present known to me, variations intheir construction and arrangement may be resorted to within the spiritof my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters-Patent is l. A furnace having two separate sections eachcomprising a fire-chamber and a smoke chamber operatively associatedtherewith, fire doors and draft doors affording access to the respectivefire chambers, a smoke-flue in communication with the said smokechambers, conduits connecting each smoke chamber with the fire chamberof the other section, dampers for controlling the How of gases from thesmoke chambers into the smoke flue and into the respective conduits,means for compelling the draft door of either one of the fire chambers,to open in unison with the corresponding fire door, and means forconverting the movement of the said doors into an opening or closingmovement of the said dampers.

2. A furnace having two separate sections each comprising a fire-chamberand a smoke chamber operatively associated therewith, fire doors anddraft doors affording access to the respective fire chambers, a smokefiue in communication with the said smoke chambers, conduits connectingeach smokechamber with the fire chamber of the other section, dampersfor controlling the flow of gases from the smoke-chambers into the smokeflue and into the respective conduits, means for converting a movementof either one of the fire doors into movements of the two draft doors inopposite directions, and means for reversing the positions of thedampers in the two smoke chambers.

3. A furnace having two separate sections each comprising a fire chamberand a smoke chamber operatively associated therewith, fire doors, anddraft doors affording access to the respective fire chambers, a smokeflue in communication with the said smoke chambers, conduits connectingeach smoke chamber with the fire chamber of the other section, dampersfor controlling the flow of gases from the smoke-chambers into thesmoke-flue and into respective con duits, means for converting anopening movement of either one of the fire doors into an openingmovement of the corresponding draft door and a closing movement of thedraft door in the other section, and means for reversing the positionsof the dampers in the smoke chambers.

4. A furnace having two separate sections each comprising a fire-chamberand a smoke chamber operatively associated therewith, fire doors anddraft doors affording access to the respective fire chambers, a smokeflue in communication with the said smoke chambers, conduits connectingeach smoke chamber with the fire chamber of the other section, dampersfor controlling the flow of gases from the smokechambers into the smokeflue and into the respective conduits, means for converting a movementof either one of'the fire doors into an opening movement of thecorresponding draft door and a closing movement of the draft door in theother section, and a mechanism for converting the movement of the saiddoors into a closing or opening movement of the said dampers.

5. A furnace having two separate sections each comprising a fire chamberand a smoke chamber operatively associated therewith, fire doors anddraft doors afi'ording access to the respective fire chambers, a smokeflue in communication with the said smoke chambers, conduits connectingeach smoke chamber with the fire chamber of the other section, dampersfor controlling the fiow of gases from the smoke chambers into the smokeflue and into the respective conduits, means for compelling the draftdoor of either one of the fire chambers to open in unison with thecorresponding fire-door, means for converting the said movement of thesaid draft door into a closing movement of the draft-door of the otherfire-chamber, and means for reversing the positions of the dampers inthe smoke chambers.

6. A furnace having two separate sections each comprising a fire chamberand a smoke chamber operatively associated therewith, fire doors anddraft doors affording access to the respective fire chambers, a smokeflue in communication with the said smoke chambers, conduits connectingeach smoke chamber with the fire chamber of the other section, dampersfor controlling the flow of gases from the smoke chambers into thesmoke-flue and into the respective conduits, means for compelling thedraft door of either one of the fire-chambers to open in unison with thecorresponding fire-door, means for converting the said movement of thesaid draft-door into a closing movement of the draft-door of the otherfire chamber, and mechanisms for converting the movements of the draftdoors into a closing or opening movement of the dampers in thecorresponding smoke-chambers.

7 A furnace comprising a smoke flue, two separate fire chambers, andfire doors and draft doors affording access to the same, means forconducting gases along courses leading from each one of the saidchambers, through the fire in the other chamber, to

the said flue, means for compelling the draft door of each chamber tomove in unison with the respective fire door, and means tosimultaneously open one of said courses and close the other one by themovement of the said doors.

8. A furnace comprising a smoke flue, two separate fire chambers, andfire doors and draft doors affording access to the same, means forconducting gases along courses leading from each one of the saidchambers, through the fire in the other chamber, to the said flue, meansfor converting an opening movement of either one of the fire doors intoan opening movement of one draftdoor and a closing movement of the otherdraft-door, and means to simultaneously open one of the said courses andclose the other one by the movement of the said doors.

9. A furnace having two separate sections each comprising a fire-chamberand a smoke chamber operatively associated therewith, a smoke flueadapted to communicate with each of the said smoke-chambers, conduitsseparately connecting each smoke-chamber with the fire-chamber of theother section below the grate thereof, a damper in each smoke chamber tocontrol the flow of gases into the smoke flue, a damper in each smokechamber to control the flow of gases into the respective conduits, thetwo dampers in each chamber being respectively in the open and closedposition while the dampers in one chamber are arranged reversely tothose in the other chamber, draft doors afiording access to therespective fire-chambers, means for converting an opening movement ofeither draft door into a movement of the other door in the oppositedirection, and means for converting the movement of the said doors intoan opening or closing movement of the said dampers.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

PEDER F. DYBRO.

lVitnesses:

LELA RHoADEs, G. J. ROLLANDET.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

